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Credit: nopparit / iStock / Getty Images Plus For decades, neuroscientists have debated whether synaptic vesicles “kiss-and-run” or do an irreversible “full collapse” when releasing neurotransmitters. Now, a team in China has frozen that moment in time—literally—and revealed a third act in the dance of neuronal communication. Cracking the code of neurotransmission Our brains rely on fast, precisely timed synaptic transmissions between neurons. At the heart of this process is synaptic vesicle (SV) exocytosis—the release of neurotransmitters triggered by an electrical signal, or action potential. But despite its central role, the structural and biophysical mechanics of SV release have remained…
Mouse modelsYoung adult (8- to 12-week-old) wild-type C57BL/6NCrSlc mice obtained from the Japan SLC, Fos2A-iCreERT2 (TRAP228, JAX 030323) mice obtained from the Jackson Laboratory, Adra1a flox mice49,74 obtained from RIKEN (RBRC11837) and Adrb1 flox mice50 (accession number CDB1068K, generated by RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research) were used for in vivo experiments. TRAP2 mice were bred and maintained in our animal facility, backcrossed with C57BL/6NCrSlc at least eight times before use for experiments. Wild-type C57BL/6NCrSlc female mice were obtained from the Japan SLC to obtain postnatal day 0–1 (P0–P1) pups. Experiments were done using both male and female mice. Number…
Pea protein has become a popular supplement, and for good reason. Like other legumes, peas are a quality source of plant-based protein and rich in other nutrients that can enhance your health.However, pure pea protein may have different effects than eating whole foods. While most side effects are benign, all protein supplements carry potential risks, especially in high doses.Why Choose Pea Protein Powder?Protein isn’t just for meat eaters. Vegetarians and vegans — and even those who just want to reduce their animal product intake — have tons of plant-based options, including hemp, soy, rice, and pea protein powders.Pea protein is…
Frozen vegetables are nutritionally equal to fresh and can help tackle inflammation. The fiber, vitamins and antioxidants benefit gut health and may boost immune function. Swap out fresh for frozen with veggies such as peas, green beans, greens and sweet potatoes. Inflammation is a popular topic in the world of wellness. While some inflammation is normal and necessary, prolonged low-grade inflammation is more insidious. That lingering inflammation, also known as chronic inflammation, can put you at higher risk of illnesses like heart disease, diabetes, cancer and more. Luckily, incorporating plenty of anti-inflammatory foods, like veggies, into your diet can help…
Malaysia firm Holista Colltech urging stronger voice with regulatory authorities amid counterfeits of its omega-3 products, Australia’s TGA flagging content discrepancies in imported melatonin supplements, and US FDA declaring NMN lawful in dietary supplements are some of the latest updates in this regulatory news round-up.
Jackie Leach Scully, professor of bioethics11University of New South Wales, AustraliaAlthough the report fails to acknowledge the nuances of surrogacy, the call for more data is welcome, writes Jackie Leach ScullyThe report on surrogacy presented to the United Nations General Assembly in October by special rapporteur Reem Alsalem concludes that “The practice of surrogacy is characterized by exploitation and violence against women and children, including girls”.1 Its key recommendation is to eradicate all forms of surrogacy around the world. Alsalem’s report has, predictably, prompted highly polarised responses, with some commentators welcoming its conclusions, and others responding with outrage.234Two things need…
US-based Monterey Nutra has launched ManeFocus, a new lion’s mane extract powder, which it will display at the upcoming SupplySide Global trade show in Las Vegas, Nevada, US (October 29–30). The company says it is the only lion’s mane ingredient standardized to 1% total metabolites. The ingredient also features an “optimal ratio” of hardwood-grown fruiting bodies and mushroom mycelium, extracted to capture all active medicinal compounds, including terpenes and beta-glucans. Lion’s mane (Hericium erinaceus) mushroom is known to support cognition, memory, brain, and nerve health. As a powdered extract, the company touts ManeFocus’s improved solubility, bioavailability, and taste compared to standard…
Maya Rudolph juggles motherhood and fame, cherishing family dinners despite her kids’ busy schedules.Her go-to meal is miso-glazed salmon with roasted sweet potatoes—a fiber- and omega-3-rich combo.Rudolph’s dish supports gut health thanks to fermented miso and nutrient-packed sweet potatoes and salmon. Maya Rudolph may be the star of Loot and one of the most iconic Saturday Night Live alums out there, but at the end of the day, she’s also a mom trying to get her family together at the dinner table. The actor appeared on the Table Manners podcast this week, where she dished about her favorite foods and…
Talae Vethrin, PhD Candidate, Planetary Entomology Institute, Belt Station Agastya ThetaSet Two Report: Spiral Five, Cycle 742I turned 27 today. That means I’ve now spent four years in the doctoral programme and am exactly 365 days away from professional disgrace and having my credentials quietly revoked in a humiliating end-of-cycle formality they call ‘declassification’. It’s not a euphemism. If I don’t find a new insect species by this time next year, I don’t get a PhD. I get a polite ejection from the Galactic Consortium of Insect Scientists (GCIS) and maybe a commemorative keychain.The GCIS — venerable, bureaucratic and with…
Nature, Published online: 15 October 2025; doi:10.1038/d41586-025-03241-ySynthetic DNA circuits and neural networks have previously been developed to process molecular information while consuming energy stored in kinetic traps. Now they have been re-engineered to take in energy from heat when the temperature increases, and to recharge themselves by restoring kinetic traps for subsequent computation.